{"id":2296,"date":"2012-01-13T18:53:07","date_gmt":"2012-01-13T17:53:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.art.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=639"},"modified":"2025-04-03T10:31:54","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T09:31:54","slug":"middle-east","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2296","title":{"rendered":"Moyen Orient"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Citer cet article\u00a0: CRP 2012. Description et caract\u00e9risation des palmiers du genre Phoenix: biog\u00e9ographie historique des palmiers subtropicaux.\u00a0<\/strong>R\u00e9dacteur Robert CASTELLANA.\u00a0Statut: compte-rendu de recherches. Edition en ligne<strong>.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2276\">Lien<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2276\"><strong>HOME <\/strong><\/a>\/ <span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2294\">MEDITERRANEAN<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong> \/ <\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2296\">MIDDLE-EAST<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong> \/ <\/strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2295\">RED-SEA<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong> \/ <\/strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2297\">WEST-AFRICA<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Les relations entre <em>Phoenix sylvestris<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> sont actuellement \u00e9tudi\u00e9es dans une zone de contact entre les deux esp\u00e8ces situ\u00e9e au nord-ouest de l\u2019Inde, en collaboration avec l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 de Montpellier. Une \u00e9tude similaire est entreprise dans les r\u00e9gions voisines de la vall\u00e9e de l\u2019Indus, au Pakistan, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une collaboration avec l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Faisalabad.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>En savoir plus: NEWTON C., GROS-BALTHAZARD M., IVORRA S., PARADIS L., PINTAUD J.C., TERRAL J.F. 2013. <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> and <em>P. sylvestris<\/em> in Northwestern India. A Glimpse of their Complex Relationships.<\/strong> In: PALMS Vol. 57(1), 37-50. Link: <a title=\"Phoenix sylvestris has often been regarded as the wild progenitor of the cultivated date palm Phoenix dactylifera. A genetic study recently discarded this hypothesis, suggesting  however  a  possible  occurrence  of  hybridization  events  during  the expansion  of  date  palm  cultivation.  A  sampling  campaign  was  carried  out  in Northwestern  India  as  a  first  step  towards  understanding  the  complex relationships between these two species.\" href=\"http:\/\/www.umr5059.univ-montp2.fr\/doc_paradis\/Newton%20Phoenix%20India%20reduced.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.umr5059.univ-montp2.fr\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-7844\" src=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Pakistan-300x94.jpg\" alt=\"Orient-map-Pakistan\" width=\"300\" height=\"94\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Pakistan-300x94.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Pakistan-150x47.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Pakistan.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>1. Le Pakistan et les provinces du Balouchistan et du Punjab<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>*<em>Nannorrhops ritchieana<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> au Balouchistan (Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan) <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>SITUATION <\/strong>La province du Baloutchistan est la plus grande du Pakistan avec 343\u00a0000\u00a0km\u00b2, soit presque la moiti\u00e9 du pays, pour seulement 10 millions d&rsquo;habitants. Cette r\u00e9gion montagneuse et aride se trouve dans le sud du pays, entre l&rsquo;Iran et la province du Punjab, qui la s\u00e9pare de l&rsquo;Inde.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>*<em>Phoenix loureiroi<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> dans le nord Punjab et le Cachemire (Pakistan) <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>SITUATION <\/strong>Situ\u00e9e dans la moyenne vall\u00e9e de l&rsquo;Indus, la province du Punjab abrite environ 90 millions d&rsquo;habitants sur les 170 millions que compte le Pakistan. Environ 20% de son territoire se trouve en Inde.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>DIVERSITE <\/strong>Le dattier n\u2019est pas une culture de rente significative au Punjab (les plantations commerciales se situent plus au sud, dans le Sind). Il participe plut\u00f4t d\u2019un syst\u00e8me agro-sylvo-pastoral int\u00e9gr\u00e9, qui entretient une diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique importante, notamment par l\u2019introduction de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s d\u2019origines diverses, et la multiplication par semis.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>CONSERVATION <\/strong>Dans toutes les provinces phoenicicultrices du Pakistan existent des stations de recherche sur le palmier dattier, afin d\u2019apporter un appui technique aux cultivateurs. La station de Jhang poss\u00e8de une excellente collection des principaux cultivars de qualit\u00e9 datti\u00e8re de la r\u00e9gion (en fait pour beaucoup originaires d\u2019Irak et d\u2019Iran mais dont la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 perdue). Ces palmiers sont en production et la station est autonome financi\u00e8rement gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la vente des dattes.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-7845\" src=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Inde-300x159.jpg\" alt=\"Orient-map-Inde\" width=\"300\" height=\"159\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Inde-300x159.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Inde-150x80.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/Orient-map-Inde.jpg 854w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>2. L\u2019Inde et les \u00e9tats du Gujarat et du Rajasthan<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #006400;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>*<em>Phoenix sylvestris<\/em> <\/strong><strong>et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> <\/strong><strong>en Inde, Bengladesh et Pakistan <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>SITUATION <\/strong>Les \u00e9tats du Gujarat et du Rajasthan se trouvent au nord-ouest de l&rsquo;Inde, \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re avec le Pakistan.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>DIVERSITE <\/strong>On rencontre Phoenix sylvestris et Phoenix dactylifera, dans les r\u00e9gions du Katch, de la p\u00e9ninsule du Kathiawar et des montagnes d&rsquo;Aravalli. Phoenix dactylifera est reproduit par graines dans quelques exploitations. La qualit\u00e9 est m\u00e9diocre, les fruits ne parvenant pas \u00e0 maturation compl\u00e8te.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>CONSERVATION <\/strong>La Date Palm Research Station de Mundra poss\u00e8de une collection de cultivars qui remonte aux ann\u00e9es 1980. Elle comprend des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s en provenance d&rsquo;Iran, d&rsquo;Arabie Saoudite et d&rsquo;Oman.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">BIBLIOGRAPHIE<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">*<em>Nannorrhops ritchieana<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> au Balouchistan (Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan) <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">DRANSFIELD J. 2004. <em>Nannorrhops <\/em>in Oman.<\/span><\/strong> In: PALMS 48(1) 30-32. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.palms.org\/palmsjournal\/2004\/vol48n1p30-32.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.palms.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">GIBBONS M., SPANNER T.W., 1995. <em>Nannorrhops ritchiana<\/em>, the Mazari Palm (Pakistan).<\/span><\/strong> In: PRINCIPES, 39 (4), 177-182. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.palms.org\/principes\/1995\/vol39n4p177-182.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.palms.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">*<em>Phoenix loureiroi<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> dans le nord Punjab et le Cachemire (Pakistan) <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">MADULID D.A., AGOO E.M.G. 2009. Notes on the economic plants of Batanes. <em>Citrus <\/em>species and <em>Phoenix loureiroi <\/em>var. <em>loureiroi<\/em>. <\/span><\/strong>In: Bulletin of National Museum of Ethnology 34 (1) 191\u2013205. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/ir.minpaku.ac.jp\/dspace\/bitstream\/10502\/4119\/1\/34-1_domingo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/ir.minpaku.ac.jp\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">*<em>Phoenix sylvestris<\/em> et <em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> en Inde, Bengladesh et Pakistan<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">MOHTASHEEM H.M., AHMED S.W. AZHAR I., BANO H. 2010. Phytoconstituents Isolated From <em>Phoenix Sylvestris <\/em>Roxb.<\/span><\/strong> In: Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6 (1) 17-22. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jbaas.com\/HTML\/Previous%20Issues\/Volume%20No.6%20No.%201\/Headings\/pdfs\/c4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.jbaas.com\/<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">MOHTASHEEM M., AHMAD W.S. AZHAR I., SHAIQ A.M. 2001. Brine Shrimp Bioassay Of <em>Phoenix Sylvestris<\/em>.<\/span><\/strong> In: Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14 (2) 19-21. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/76.162.69.21\/CD-PJPS-14-2-01\/Paper-4.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/76.162.69.21\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Citer cet article\u00a0: CRP 2012. Description et caract\u00e9risation des palmiers du genre Phoenix: biog\u00e9ographie historique des palmiers subtropicaux.\u00a0R\u00e9dacteur Robert CASTELLANA.\u00a0Statut: compte-rendu de recherches. Edition en&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2296\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Moyen Orient<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2276,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2296","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2296","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2296"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2296\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13046,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2296\/revisions\/13046"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}