{"id":6886,"date":"2014-10-10T23:17:03","date_gmt":"2014-10-10T22:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=6886"},"modified":"2025-04-05T11:52:54","modified_gmt":"2025-04-05T10:52:54","slug":"caracterisation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=6886","title":{"rendered":"Caracterisation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Citer cet article&nbsp;: CRP 2012. Description et caract\u00e9risation des palmiers du genre Phoenix: g\u00e9n\u00e9tique.&nbsp;Chapitre 1\/3: g\u00e9notypage. <\/strong>R\u00e9dacteur Robert CASTELLANA.&nbsp;Statut: compte-rendu de recherches. Edition en ligne.<strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=2272\">Lien<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SOMMAIRE DU CHAPITRE<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>1. Echantillons observ\u00e9s<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>2. Marqueurs utilis\u00e9s<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>3. Bibliographie<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>4. Tutoriels<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/U55b-j1zerk\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 11px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Ill. Les 3 \u00e9tapes de l&rsquo;extraction du DNA: la lyse (avec des d\u00e9tergents), la d\u00e9prot\u00e9ination (avec des sels ou du phenol-chloroforme) et la pr\u00e9cipitation du DNA par l&rsquo;alcool (Takween 2007).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><strong>CHAPITRE 1\/3. RECUEIL DE DONN\u00c9ES GENETIQUES. Les recherches pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es ici s\u2019inscrivent dans le cadre de travaux similaires consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 la production de donn\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques et mol\u00e9culaires, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 la mise en place de programmes d\u2019am\u00e9lioration g\u00e9n\u00e9tique (comme la diffusion de donn\u00e9es d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, l\u2019harmonisation des proc\u00e9dures, la comparaison des r\u00e9sultats, les synergies entre instituts de recherche, etc.).<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>ECHANTILLON OBSERVE<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Tunisia-Mauritania.jpg\" target=\"\" rel=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-7900\" title=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Tunisia-Mauritania.jpg\" alt=\"Phoenix dactylifera Italy Spain Tunisia Mauritania\" width=\"360\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Tunisia-Mauritania.jpg 514w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Tunisia-Mauritania-150x107.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Tunisia-Mauritania-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/a><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">L\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage actuel porte sur 150 \u00e9chantillons de Phoenix analys\u00e9s, repr\u00e9sentant toutes les esp\u00e8ces sauf P. paludosa et P. andamanensis, et incluant 85 \u00e9chantillons de P. dactylifera dont plus de 50 cultivars identifi\u00e9s d\u2019Europe, d\u2019Afrique et d\u2019Asie occidentale. Les premiers r\u00e9sultats concernent plus particuli\u00e8rement:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">* <strong>Phoenix dactylifera<\/strong>. <\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Les travaux en cours portent plus sp\u00e9cifiquement sur la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de Phoenix dactylifera, dont la valeur \u00e9conomique repr\u00e9sente un enjeu pour le d\u00e9veloppement. <\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>*Phoenix canariensis. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>Les recherches consacr\u00e9es aux palmiers ornementaux sont peu d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es. Elles concernent \u00e0 la fois les pays du Nord, en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;espaces verts, et ceux du Sud en mati\u00e8re de tourisme. Le palmier \u00e9tudi\u00e9 principalement est Phoenix canariensis, du fait de son importance en terme de r\u00e9alisations paysag\u00e8res. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>*L\u2019hybridation dans le genre Phoenix. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>Les hybrides entre les diverses vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de Phoenix font aussi l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;\u00e9tudes innovantes. Elles \u00e9clairent sous un nouvel angle les \u00e9tapes de la sp\u00e9ciation qui ont conduit \u00e0 la bio-diversit\u00e9 actuelle du genre Phoenix.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>En savoir plus: PINTAUD JC. Analyse de marqueurs microsatellites dans le genre Phoenix. Link: <\/strong><a title=\"Contexte de l\u2019\u00e9tude \u2022   D\u00e9veloppement de marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires pour Phoenix  dactylifera avec le CIRAD en marge d\u2019une op\u00e9ration sur Elaeis  guineensis \u2022   Obtention d\u2019\u00e9chantillons de la plupart des esp\u00e8ces de Phoenix  gr\u00e2ce au r\u00e9seau des scientifiques sp\u00e9cialistes de palmiers et des  jardins botaniques (Sasha Barrow-Kew, Larry Noblick-MBC,  Carlo Moricci-Canaries, Robert Castellana-Bordighera, Michel  Ferry-Elche, Catherine Ducatillon-Thuret etc\u2026 \u2022   Accueil d\u2019une stagiaire tunisienne \u00e0 l\u2019IRD de Montpellier pour  l\u2019\u00e9tude de la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique de 50 cultivars de dattiers  tunisiens. \u2022   Fourniture des marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires \u00e0 Sally Henderson  (NHM, Londres), pour l\u2019\u00e9tude de Phoenix atlantica aux \u00eeles du  Cap Vert.\" href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/PINTAUD-JC.-Analyse-de-marqueurs-microsatellites-dans-le-genre-Phoenix.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PINTAUD J.C.<\/a> <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<p><strong>2. MARQUEURS UTILISES<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div><a title=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Morocco.jpg\" target=\"\" rel=\"\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-7901\" title=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Morocco.jpg\" alt=\"Phoenix dactylifera Italy Spain Morocco\" width=\"394\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Morocco.jpg 703w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Morocco-150x69.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Phoenix-dactylifera-Italy-Spain-Morocco-300x138.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>La g\u00e9n\u00e9tique a permis d\u2019\u00e9laborer une classification dite phylog\u00e9n\u00e9tique des plantes. Elle se pr\u00e9sente sous une forme similaire \u00e0 un arbre g\u00e9n\u00e9alogique, o\u00f9 chaque esp\u00e8ce prend place lors de son apparition. Les marqueurs mol\u00e9culaires employ\u00e9s dans ce type de recherches sont appel\u00e9s micro et mini-satellites. Ce sont des portions particuli\u00e8res de mol\u00e9cules d\u2019ADN caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es par des r\u00e9p\u00e9titions d\u2019un motif particulier compos\u00e9 d\u2019une ou plusieurs des quatre bases (A, T, G, C) qui composent l\u2019ADN. Lorsque le motif est court (1 \u00e0 6 paires de bases), on parle de microsatellites. Lorsque le motif est plus long (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 150 pb), on parle de minisatellites.\u00a0 Ils sont commun\u00e9ment utilis\u00e9s pour la caract\u00e9risation g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des plantes, des animaux ou encore pour r\u00e9aliser des empreintes g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques humaines. Un premier jeu de 16 locus de ce type a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifiquement pour le palmier dattier en 2004. Des marqueurs suppl\u00e9mentaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s depuis. Ces marqueurs sont condominants, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire qu\u2019ils pr\u00e9sentent deux all\u00e8les par individu \u00e0 chaque locus, soit identiques (individu homozygote), soit diff\u00e9rents (individu h\u00e9t\u00e9rozygote). Ces marqueurs sont extr\u00eamement polymorphes, et leurs variations de composition et de fr\u00e9quence all\u00e9liques permettent de caract\u00e9riser finement la structure g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des esp\u00e8ces. Ils ont plus particuli\u00e8rement mis en \u00e9vidence l\u2019existence d\u2019un \u2018clade\u2019 compos\u00e9 de 5 esp\u00e8ces affines: P. dactylifera, P. atlantica, P. canariensis, P. theophrasti et P. sylvestris.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">3. BIBLIOGRAPHIE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>BALLARDINI <\/strong>M. <strong>2010<\/strong>. Illustrated protocol for palm leaves sampling, drying and sample preserving for subsequent DNA extraction, as implemented by CRA-FSO in Sanremo (Italy).<\/span> In: Phoenix Ed. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/PHOENIX-2010-protocole-echantillonnage.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BALLARDINI 2010<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>PINTAUD <\/strong>JC <strong>2009<\/strong>. Phoenix phylogenetic tree.<\/span> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">In: Phoenix Ed. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/PHOENIX-2009-genotypage.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PHOENIX 2009<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Amy <strong>BODIAN<\/strong>, Mohamed Aziz EL HOUMAIZI, Khadidiatou NDOYE NDIR, Amina HASNAOUI, Marion NACHTIGALL, Peter WEHLING <strong>2012<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Genetic diversity analysis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Figuig oasis (Morocco) using SSR markers<\/span>. In: International Journal of Science and Advanced Technology (ISSN 2221-8386) Volume 2 No 3 March 2012. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ijsat.com\/pdf.php?pdf_id=378.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.ijsat.com<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Mohamed M. <strong>SAKR<\/strong>, Wael M. HASSAN, Isam M. Abu ZEID, Abdel-Rahman E. HASSAN, Abd-Elghany E. BAZ, <strong>2012<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">The Application of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in the Classification of Egyptian Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L) Cultivars<\/span>. In: Journal of American Science, 2012;8(1), 152-159. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jofamericanscience.org\/journals\/am-sci\/am0801\/023_7243am0801_152_159.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.jofamericanscience.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>ELMEER <\/strong>Khaled, SARWATH Hina, MALEK Joel, BAUM Michael, HAMWIEH Aladdin, <strong>2011<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">New microsatellite markers for assessment of genetic diversity in date palm (<em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> L.)<\/span>. In: Biotech\u00a0 (3-1) 91\u201397.<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"> Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.springerlink.com\/content\/0404723hn3h5n830\/fulltext.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.springerlink.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>SCARCELLI <\/strong>N, BARNAUD A, EISERHARDT W, TREIER UA, SEVENO M, et al. <strong>2011<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">A Set of 100 Chloroplast DNA Primer Pairs to Study Population Genetics and Phylogeny in Monocotyledons<\/span>. In: PLoS ONE 6(5): e19954. Link\u00a0: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.plosone.org\/article\/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0019954\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.plosone.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>YANG <\/strong>M, ZHANG X, LIU G, YIN Y, CHEN K, et al., <strong>2010<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Date Palm (<em>Phoenix dactylifera L.<\/em>)<\/span>. In: PLoS ONE 5(9), <strong>Ed. <\/strong>Jonathan H. Badger, The J. Craig Venter Institute, United States of America. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.plosone.org\/article\/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0012762\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.plosone.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Talaat A. <strong>AHMED<\/strong>; Asmaa Y. AL-QARADAWY <strong>2009<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Molecular phylogeny of Quatari date palm genotypes using simple sequences repeats markers<\/span>. In: Biotechnology 8 (1): 126-131. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/docsdrive.com\/pdfs\/ansinet\/biotech\/2009\/126-131.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/docsdrive.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">A. <strong>EL-TARRAS<\/strong>, N. AL-TAWATTI and F. AL-MALKI, <strong>2007<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Genetic Fingerprint of Some KSA Date Palm Cultivars Using Modern Biotechnological Techniques<\/span>. In: <em>Biotechnology, 6: 263-267. <\/em>Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/scialert.net\/qredirect.php?doi=biotech.2007.263.267&amp;linkid=pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/scialert.net\/q<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>ZEHDI <\/strong>S., PINTAUD J.C., BILLOTTE N., OULD MOHAMED SALEM A., SAKKA H., RHOUMA A., MARRAKCHI M., TRIFI M. <strong>2006<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Etablissement d&rsquo;une cl\u00e9 d&rsquo;identification vari\u00e9tale chez le palmier dattier (<em>Phoenix dactylifera<\/em> L.) par les marqueurs microsatellites<\/span>. In: Issue (145): 11-18. Link:<a href=\"http:\/\/www2.bioversityinternational.org\/publications\/pgrnewsletter\/article.asp?id_article=2&amp;id_issue=145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \/www2.bioversityinternational.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Sami S. <strong>ADAWY<\/strong>, Ebtissam H. A. HUSSEIN, Samer E. M. E. ISMAIL and Hanaiya A. EL-ITRIBY<strong> 2005<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Genomic diversity in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) revealed by AFLPs in comparison to RAPDs and ISSR<\/span>. In: Arab J. Biotech., Vol. 8, No. (1) Jan. (2005): 99-114. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acgssr.org\/BioTechnology\/V8N1January2005\/Full_Paper\/010.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.acgssr.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>ADAWY<\/strong> Sami S., HUSSEIN Ebtissam H.A., EL-KISHIN Dina, SAKER Mahmoud M., EL-ITRIBY Hanaiya A. <strong>2002<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Genetic variability studies and molecular fingerprinting of some Egyptian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars. II- RAPD and ISSR profiling<\/span>. In: Arab J. Biotech., Vol. 5, No.(2) July (2002): 225-236. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.acgssr.org\/BioTechnology\/V5N2July2002\/fullpaper\/p19.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/www.acgssr.org\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>BEN ABDALLAH<\/strong>, STITI, LEPOIVRE, DU JARDIN, <strong>2000<\/strong>. <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Identification de cultivars de palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.) par l\u2019amplification al\u00e9atoire d&rsquo;ADN (RAPD)<\/span>. In: Cahiers Agricultures 9\/103-7. Link: <a href=\"http:\/\/orbi.ulg.ac.be\/handle\/2268\/26272\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\/orbi.ulg.ac.be\/<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>4. TUTORIELS<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-4447\" title=\"logo biotech maroc\" src=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/logo-biotech-maroc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"112\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/logo-biotech-maroc.jpg 680w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/logo-biotech-maroc-150x24.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/01\/logo-biotech-maroc-300x49.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>Biotechnologies, Diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des esp\u00e8ces et Environnement. <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Le site (trilingue Fran\u00e7ais, Arabe, Anglais), de l&rsquo;Equipe &lsquo;Biochimie et Biotechnologies des Plantes&rsquo; de l&rsquo;Universit\u00e9 Cadi Ayyad (Marrakech, Maroc) rassemble de nombreux articles en rapport avec le d\u00e9veloppement des biotechnologies, aux g\u00e8nes r\u00e9sidant dans la biodiversit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique des esp\u00e8ces. Il pr\u00e9sente notamment les biotechnologies classiques (culture des tissus, micropropagation&#8230;) et modernes bas\u00e9es sur l&rsquo;ADN recombin\u00e9 (produit du g\u00e9nie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique), et leurs impacts positifs et n\u00e9gatifs sur l&rsquo;environnement (pollution g\u00e9nique), la biodiversit\u00e9 et la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9tique. Une rubrique est consacr\u00e9e exclusivement au palmier-dattier. On y trouve aussi un annuaire exhaustif des universit\u00e9s et\u00a0instituts de recherche du Maghreb, avec des liens vers leurs sites, et de nombreux documents p\u00e9dagogiques. <\/span><\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biotech-ecolo.net\/\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>ENTER<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/a>\n<div><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Takween 2007. DNA. Amplification par PCR<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Oui2ydYzNCw\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">L&rsquo;amplification du DNA par PCR comporte la preparation d&rsquo;un melange reactionnel contenant, entre autre, le DNA, les amorces (primers) et la DNA polymerase. L&rsquo;amplification par PCR exige la d\u00e9naturation du DNA, la fixation des amorces et l&rsquo;\u00e9longation<\/span><\/span>.<\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Takween 2008. Electrophor\u00e8se du DNA<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2j0w7t6cscQ\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Technique de separation du DNA sur gel d&rsquo;Agarose (depot des echantillons, migration et revelation).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\n<div><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Takween 2007. Chromatographie sur papier des acides amines<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/anEYD0Rpwq0\" width=\"420\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"font-family: tahoma,geneva,sans-serif;\">Pr\u00e9sentation de travaux pratiques sur les techniques de s\u00e9paration et d&rsquo;analyse en Biochimie<\/span><\/span>.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Citer cet article&nbsp;: CRP 2012. Description et caract\u00e9risation des palmiers du genre Phoenix: g\u00e9n\u00e9tique.&nbsp;Chapitre 1\/3: g\u00e9notypage. R\u00e9dacteur Robert CASTELLANA.&nbsp;Statut: compte-rendu de recherches. Edition en ligne.&nbsp;Lien&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/?page_id=6886\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Caracterisation<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":2272,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6886","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6886"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13132,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6886\/revisions\/13132"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.listephoenix.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}